Development of Novel Adsorbents and Membranes by Radiation-Induced Grafting for Selective Separation Purposes
Closed for Proposals
Project Type
Coordinated Research ProjectProject Code
F23026
CRP
1434
Approved Date
15 June 2007Project Status
ClosedStart Date
15 September 2007Expected End Date
31 December 2011Completed Date
15 February 2011Description
Radiation-induced grafting is a powerful technique for the preparation of novel materials based on easily available and low cost synthetic and natural polymers. The materials to be developed by radiation-induced grafting include special adsorbents and membranes for use in environmental and industrial applications.
Arising from the recommendation for further research and in the light of technical issues and deliberations among the participants ”of the 7th “International Symposium on “Ionizing Radiation and Polymers (IRaP 2006)”, one of the most important international scientific events in the field of radiation processing, held from 23 to 28 September 2006, in Antalya, Turkey, and the inputs provided by the follow-up CS meeting on “Radiation-induced Grafting of Polymers” held from 29 September to 3 October 2006 in the same venue, the present CRP on “Development of Novel Adsorbents and Membranes by Radiation-Induced Grafting for Selective Separation Purposes” has been formulated.
The CRP will focus on research to address problems relating to the following priority areas:
Development of adsorbents for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions from contaminated and wastewaters.
Adsorbents suitable for the collection and recovery of significant metal ions.
Development of adsorbents for the removal of undesired anions from aqueous systems
Development of low cost membranes with improved durability and performance characteristics for potential applications in fuel cell fabrication.
Development of methods for the preparation of membranes with 1-50nm pore sizes and functionalization of inner pore surfaces.
Objectives
The overall objective of this CRP was to use gamma rays, electron beams and swift heavy ions for grafting of various monomers onto natural and synthetic polymers for the development of novel adsorbents and membranes for environmental and industrial applications.
Specific Objectives
Development of adsorbents for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions from contaminated and wastewaters.
Adsorbents suitable for the collection and recovery of significant metal ions.
Development of adsorbents for the removal of undesired anions from aqueous systems.
Development of low cost membranes with improved durability and performance characteristics for potential applications in fuel cell fabrication.
Development of methods for the preparation of membranes with 1-50nm pore sizes and functionalization of inner pore surfaces.
Impact
The participants in the CRP have made significant progress in developing know how for synthesis of radiation grafted and adsorbents for a variety of applications in industry and environment. The work carried out in the frame of the CRP has further stimulated progress in this area of research resulting in development of unique adsorbents for specific applications as evident from the filing of patents and over 96 publications in high impact journals and conferences. Some of the participating Member States intend to propose TC projects in this area. RCA Member States are now implementing a Regional Project on the topic.
Relevance
The CRP was relevant to the overall objective of the project on "Developing advanced materials for industrial and environmental applications" . CRP was directed to achieve this objective.
CRP Publications
Japan
Journal Publication
2008
HOSHINA, H., SEKO, N., N. KASAI, N., UEKI, Y., IYATOMI, Y., N. OGATA, N., TAMADA, M., Preliminary Evaluation of Fibrous Boron Adsorbent with Groundwater, JAEA-Review 2008-055, 40 (2008)
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
Sohn, J.Y., Lim, J.S., Gwon, S.J., Choi, J.H., Shin, J., Ihm, Y.E., Nho, Y.C., Preparation and characterization of a PVDF-HFP/PEGDMA-coated PE separator for lithium-ion polymer battery by electron beam irradiation, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 78 (2009) 505-508.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
Gwon, S.J., Choi, J.H., Sohn, J.Y., Lim, Y.M., Nho, Y.C., Battery performance of PMMA-grafted PE-separators prepared by pre-irradiation grafting techinique, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 15 (2009) 748-751.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
BASUKI, F., SEKO, N., TAMADA, M., Recovery of scandium by phosphoric chelating adsorbent by directly synthesized radiation graft polymerization, J. Ion Exchange 21 (2010) 127-130.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2009
LORENZ GUBLER, MICHAL SLASKI, FRANK WALLASCH, ALEXANDER WOKAUN, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, Radiation grafted fuel cell membranes based on co-grafting of alpha-methylstyrene and methacrylonitrile into a fluoropolymer base film, J. Membr. Sci. 339 (2009) 68–77.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
Kang, S.A., Shin, J., Geng, F., Ko, B.S., Kim, C.Y., Kang, P.H., Nho, Y.C., Preparation of crosslinked polystyrene grafted PFA films by a simultaneous irradiation method, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 15 (2009) 748-751.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
PHIRIYATORN, S., HOSHINA, H., SEKO, TAMADA, M., Adsorption of metals by adsorbent containing hydroxamic acid groups synthesized by radiation induced graft polymerization, J. Ion Exchange 21 (2010) 157-160.
India
Journal Publication
2008
DAS, S., PANDEY, A. K., ATHWALE, A., VIRENDRA KUMAR, BHARDWAJ, Y. K., SABHARWAL, S. MANCHANDA, V. K., Chemical aspects of uranium recovery from sea water by amidoximated electron-beam-grafted polypropylene membranes, Desalination 232 (2008) 243-253
Japan
Journal Publication
2009
SEKO, N., Current status of metal adsorbent for recover from seawater and the prospect of coexistence with fishing industry, Bull. Soc. Sea Water Sci., Jpn. 63 (2009) 221-225.
Malaysia
Journal Publication
2010
Nasef, M.M., Saidi, H., Dahlan, K.Z.M., Acid synergized grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate onto electron beam irradiated poly(vinylidene fluoride) films for preparation of fuel cell membrane J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 118 (2010) 2801–2809.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2008
Choi, J.H., Gwon, S.J., Sohn, J.Y., Jung, C.H., Ihm, Y.E., Lim, Y.M., Nho, Y.C., Preparation of polystrylene-grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride)membranes for lithium secondary batteries, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 14 (2008) 116-119.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
SEKO, N., NINH, N.T.Y., TAMADA, M., Emulsion grafting of glycidyl methacrylate onto polyethylene fiber, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 22-26.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2010
Geng, F., Shin, J., Kang, S.A., Ko, B.S., Kang, P.H., Lee, Y.S., Nho, Y.C., Preparation and Characterization of a Poly(vinylbenzyl sulfonic acid)-grafted FEP membrane, J. Polym Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 48 (2010) 563-569
Malaysia
Journal Publication
2011
Nasef, M.M., Saidi, H., Dahlan, K.Z.M., Kinetic investigation of Graft copolymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate onto poly(vinylidene fluoride) films. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 80 (2011) 66-75
Turkey
Journal Publication
2010
PINAR AKKAS KAVAKLI, CENGIZ KAVAKLI, OLGUN GüVEN, Preparation of quaternized dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate grafted fabric for removal of phosphate, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 233.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
SEKINE, A., SEKO, N., TAMADA, M., SUZUKI, Y., Biodegradable metal adsorbent synthesized by graft polymerization onto nonwoven cotton fabric, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 79, (2010) 16-21.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2010
H. BEN YOUCEF, S. ALKAN GüRSEL, A. BUISSON, L. GUBLER, A. WOKAUN, G. G. SCHERER, Influence of radiation-induced grafting process on mechanical properties of ETFE-based membranes for fuel cells, Fuel Cells 10 (2010) 401–410.
Japan
Journal Publication
2008
UEKI, Y., SEKO, N., HOSHINA, H., TAMADA, M., Preparation of metal adsorbent with sulfo groups by radiation-induced grafting of ethyl p-styrenesulfonate, JAEA-Review 2008-055, 39 (2008)
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2010
F. WALLASCH, M. ABELE, L. GUBLER, A. WOKAUN, K. MüLLER, G. G. SCHERER, Characterization of radiation grafted polymer films using CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy and confocal Raman microscopy, PCP, (submitted) 2010.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2008
LORENZ GUBLER, HICHAM BEN YOUCEF, SELMIYE ALKAN GüRSEL, ALEXANDER WOKAUN, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, Cross-linker effect in ETFE-based radiation-grafted proton-conducting membranes. I. Properties and fuel cell performance characteristics, J. Electrochem. Soc. 155 _9_ B921-B928 _2008.
India
Journal Publication
2009
GOEL, N.K., RAO, M.S., VIRENDRA, K., BHARDWAJ, Y.K., CHAUDHARI, C.V., DUBEY, K.A., SABHARWAL, S., Synthesis of antibacterial cotton fabric by radiation induced grafting of [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAETC) onto cotton, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 78 (2009) 399-406.
France
Patent
2008
WADE, T., CLOCHARD, M-C., Method and device using nanoporous membranes for detecting and quantifying heavy metal ions in a fluid, European patent June 2008 EP08305237. Extension PCT/EP2009/056967.
France
Journal Publication
2010
BESSBOUSSE, H., NADHAKUMAR, I., DECKER, M., BARSBAY, M., CLOCHARD, M-C., WADE, T.L., Analytical Chem. (submitted 2010)
Japan
Journal Publication
2009
SEKO, N., Development of novel adsorbents for rare metals form hot spring water, J. Soc. Automotive Engineer. Jpn. 63, (2009) 102-105.
Malaysia
Journal Publication
2009
Nasef, M.M., Saidi, H., Dahlan, K.Z.M., Single-step radiation induced grafting for preparation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cell, J. Membr. Sci. 339 (2009) 115-119.
Brazil
Journal Publication
2009
MANZOLI, J.E., Araújo, F.D.C., Panzarini, L.C.G.A., DUARTE, C., SOMESARI, E., SILVEIRA, C., PAES, H.A., Phthalate Migration Study from PVC Grafted by Gamma Radiation, Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and Applications 42 (2009) 433-439.
Egypt
Journal Publication
2007
N.M. EL-SAWY, E.A. HEGAZY, A. EL-HAG ALI, M.S. ABDEL MOTLAB, A. AWADALLAH-F., Physicochemical study of radiation-grafted LDPE copolymer and its use in metal ions adsorption, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 264(2) (2007) 227-234.
Poland
Journal Publication
2010
PRZYBYTNIAK, G., KORNACKA, E., FUKS, L., Functionalization of polyamide surface by radiation-induced grafting of N-vinylpyrrolidone and acrylamide. J. Polym. Res. on line
Japan
Conference Publication
2009
TAMADA, M., Current status of technology for collection of uranium from seawater, International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies - 42nd Session, 243-252 (2009)
Turkey
Journal Publication
2010
MURAT BARSBAY, PINAR AKKAS KAVAKLI, OLGUN GüVEN, Removal of phosphate using copper-loaded polymeric ligand exchanger prepared by radiation grafting of PP/PE nonwoven fabric, Rad. Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 227.
Japan
Journal Publication
2009
HOSHINA, H., PHIRIYATORN, S., SEKO, N., TAMADA, M., New adsorbent containing hydroxamic acid groups synthesized by radiation induced graft polymerization, EcoDesign 39 (2009) 1195-1198.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
Shin, J., Ko, B.S., Kang, S.A., Geng, F., Nho, Y.C., Kang, P.H., A Study on the distribution of polystyrene sulfonic acid grafts over the cross-section of a PFA film, Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 267 (2009) 791-794.
Egypt
Journal Publication
2010
KAMAL, H., HEGAZY, EL-SAYED, SOLIMAN, E.A., ABD ELMAKSOD, A., SAYED A., Radiation and physicochemical properties of ion exchange membranes by simultaneous radiation grafting of styrene-Methacrylic acid comonomers onto LDPE film, Journal of Radiation Research and Applid Science Accepted 2010.
Hungary
Journal Publication
2010
WOJNáROVITS, L., F?LDVáRY, CS., TAKáCS, E., Radiation-induced grafting of cellulose for adsorption of hazardous water pollutants. A review, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 848-862.
Japan
Journal Publication
2009
SEKO, N., YOSHII, A., TSUNODA, Y., Development of metal adsorbent for water treatment, Radiation & Industries (Jpn), 123 (2009) 15-18.
Japan
Journal Publication
2009
SEKO, N., YOSHII, A., SHIOZAWA, T., TSUNODA, Y., OTANI, H., INOUE, A., HOSHINA, H., UEKI, Y., TAMADA, M., Development of purification system for circulative cooling water by radiation graft adsorbent, EcoDesign 39 (2009) 1191-1194.
India
Journal Publication
2009
GOEL, N.K., BHARDWAJ, Y.K., MANOHARAN, R., VIRENDRA, K., DUBEY, K.A., CHAUDHARI, C. V., SABHARWAL, S., Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of radiation grafted micro-porous polypropylene membranes, eXpress Polym. Lett. 3(5) (2009) 268-278.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
HOSHINA, H., SEKO, N., UEKI, Y., IYATOMI, Y., TAMADA, M., Evaluation of graft adsorbent with N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal from groundwater, J. Ion Exchange 21 (2010) 153-156.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2009
HICHAM BEN YOUCEF, LORENZ GUBLER, SELMIYE ALKAN GüRSEL, DIRK HENKENSMEIER, ALEXANDER WOKAUN, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, Novel ETFE based radiation grafted poly(styrene sulfonic acid-co methacrylonitrile) proton conducting membranes with increased stability, Electrochem. Commun. 11 (2009) 941–944.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2010
Kang, S.A., Shin, J., Geng, F., Ko, B.S., Kim, C.Y., Nho, Y.C., Radiolytic preparation of poly(styrene sulfonic acid )-grafted poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluorovinylether)membranes with highly cross-linked networks, Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 268 (2010) 3458-3463.
Thailand
Journal Publication
2010
HEMVICHIAN, K., SUWANMALA, P., PIBANWONG, W., SIRI-UPATHUM, C., preparation of hydroxamic acid-containing cellulose adsorbent by radiation-induced grafting, Thai Journal of Physics 6 (2010) Inpress.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2010
LORENZ GUBLER, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, Trends for fuel cell membrane development, Desalination 250 (2010) 1034–1037.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2009
HICHAM BEN YOUCEF, LORENZ GUBLER, TETSUYA YAMAKI, SHIN-ICHI SAWADA, SELMIYE ALKAN GüRSEL, ALEXANDER WOKAUN, AND GüNTHER G. SCHERER, Cross-linker effect in ETFE-based radiation-grafted proton-conducting membranes. II. Extended fuel cell operation and degradation analysis, J. Electrochem. Soc. 156 _4_ B532-B539 _2009.
Hungary
Journal Publication
2010
TAKáCS, E., WOJNáROVITS, L., BORSA, J., RáCZ, I., Hydrophilic/hydrophobic character of grafted cellulose, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 467–470.
Poland
Journal Publication
2008
PRZYBYTNIAK, G., KORNACKA, E.M., MIRKOWSKI, K., WALO, M., ZIMEK, Z., Functionalization of polymer surfaces by radiation-induced grafting, Nukleonika 53(3) (2008) 89-95.
Argentina
Journal Publication
2008
MAZZEI, R., FERNáNDEZ, A., BERMúDEZ, G.G., TORRES, A., GUTIERREZ, M.C., MAGNI, M., CELMA, G., TADEY, D., Grafting of acrylic acid on etched latent tracks induced by swift heavy ions on polypropylene films, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 266 (2008) 937-943.
Argentina
Journal Publication
2008
MAZZEI, R., BERMúDEZ, G.G., FERNáNDEZ, A., TORRES, A., BETZ, N., TADEY, D., Grafting of PNIPAAm on PVDF submicroscopic tracks induced by the active sites remainders of the etching process, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 266 (2008) 937–943.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
IYATOMI, Y., HOSHINA, H., SEKO, N., SHIMADA, A., OGATA, N., SUGIHARA, K., KASAI, N., UEKI, Y., TAMADA, M., Investigation to increase the efficiency of fluorine and boron removal from groundwater using radiation-induced graft polymerization adsorbent, Trans. Atom. Energy Soc. Jpn. 9(3) (2010) 330-338.
Malaysia
Journal Publication
2010
Nasef, M.M., Saidi, H., Dahlan, K.Z.M., Radiation grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride)-graft-polystyrene sulfonic acid membranes for fuel cells: Structure-property relationships, Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 28 (2010) 761-770.
Thailand
Journal Publication
2010
SUWANMALA, P., HEMVICHAIN, K., SRINUTTRAKUL, W., Cadmium adsorbent prepared from poly(methyl acrylate) grafted cassava starch via gamma irradiation, Thai Journal of Physics 6 (2010) In press.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2010
SANDOR BALOG, URS GASSER, KELL MORTENSEN, HICHAM BEN YOUCEF, LORENZ GUBLER, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, Nano-scale morphology in graft copolymer ion-exchange membranes cross-linked with DIPB J. Membr. Sci. (submitted).
Brazil
Journal Publication
2011
MOURA, E., SOMESARI, E., SILVEIRA, C., PAES, H. A., SOUZA, C.A., FERNES, W., MANZOLI, J.E., GERALDO, A.B.C., Influence of physical parameters on polymer mutual grafting by electron beam irradiation, Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 80 (2011) 175-181.
Japan
Journal Publication
2009
TAMADA, M., Fibrous metal ion adsorbent synthesized by radiation processing, Polymers (Jpn) 58 (2009) 397-400.
Hungary
Journal Publication
2010
TAKáCS, E., DESMET, G., WOJNáROVITS, L., BORSA, J., Functionalization of cotton-cellulose via high-energy irradiation initiated grafting of glycidyl methacrylate and cyclodextrin immobilization. Bioresource Technology (Submitted)
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
NAYANAJITH, L.D.C., UEKI, Y., SEKO, N., HOSHINA, H., TAMADA, M., Aminated adsorbent synthesized by radiation-induced graft polymerization of 4-chloromethylstyrene onto nonwoven polylactic acid fabric and its adsorption capacity for metal ions, J. Ion Exchange 21 (2010) 123-126.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
Gwon, S.J., Choi, J.H., Sohn, J.Y., Ihm, Y.E., Nho, Y.C., Preparation of a new micro-porous poly(methyl mehtacrylate)-grafted polyethylene separator for high performance Li secondary battery, Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 267 (2009) 3309-3313.
USA
Journal Publication
2011
CHUMAKOV, M.K., LAYLA SHAHAMAT, ALIA WEAVER, LEBLANC, J., MAHNAZ CHAYCHIAN, SILVERMAN, J., RICHTER, K.B., WEISS, D., AL-SHEIKHLY, M., Electron-beam induced grafting of n-isopropylacrylamide to a poly(ethylene-terephthalate) membrane for rapid cell sheet detachment, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 80 (2011) 182-189.
Malaysia
Journal Publication
2010
Nasef, M.M., Saidi, H., Dahlan, K.Z.M., Comparative investigations on radiation grafted proton exchange membranes prepared by single-step and conventional two-steps radiation induced grafting methods, Polym. Int. (2010) published online: 21 Sep. 2010.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
LEE, J.Y., BHATTACHARYA, B., Nho, Y.C., Park, J.K., New separator prepared by electron beam irradiation for high voltage lithium secondary batteries, Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 267 (2009) 2390-2394.
India
Journal Publication
2011
CHAUDHARI, C.V., PAUL, J., PANICKER, L., DUBEY, K.A., Virendra, K., GOEL, N.K., BHARDWAJ, Y.K., SABHARWAL, S., Teflon scrap based cation exchanger by radiation grafting: Process parameter standardization and characterization, Environ. Prog. & Sustain. Ener. (In print).
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2008
HICHAM BEN YOUCEF, SELMIYE ALKAN GüRSEL, ALEXANDER WOKAUN, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, The influence of crosslinker on the properties of radiation-grafted films and membranes based on ETFE, J. Membr. Sci. 311 (2008) 208–215.
Switzerland
Journal Publication
2010
SANDOR BALOG, URS GASSER, KELL MORTENSEN, LORENZ GUBLER, GüNTHER G. SCHERER, HICHAM BEN YOUCEF, Correlation between morphology, water uptake, and proton conductivity in radiation-grafted proton-exchange membranes, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 211 (2010) 635–643.
Malaysia
Journal Publication
2011
Nasef, M.M., Radiation grafted membranes for fuel cells: current trends and future directions, Chem. Rev. Paper Proposal Accepted.
Brazil
Journal Publication
2009
PANZARINI, L.C.G.A., MANZOLI, J.E., Araújo, F.D.C., MARTINELLO, V.C., SOMESARI, E., SILVEIRA, C., PAES, H.A., MOURA, E.S., Dose rate effect on grafting by gamma radiation of DMAEMA onto flexible PVC, Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and Applications 42 (2009) 425-431.
India
Journal Publication
2010
GOEL, N.K., RAO, M.S., VIRENDRA, K., BHARDWAJ, Y.K., SABHARWAL, S., Synthesis of antibacterial cotton fabric by radiation induced co-grafting of [2-(Acryloyloxyethyl)] trimethylammonium chloride and 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto cotton fibrils, React. Functl. & Polym. (Communicated Oct. 2010).
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
TAKEDA, T., TAMADA, M., SEKO, N., UEKI, Y., Ion exchange fabric synthesized by graft polymerization and its application to ultra pure water production, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 79 (2010) 223-226.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2010
Geng, F., Kang, S.A., Shin, J., Ko, B.S., Nho, Y.C., Influence of the radiation grafting conditions on the cross-sectional distribution of poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) grafted polymer onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) films, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 117 (2010) 2380-2385.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2009
LEE, J.Y., LEE, Y.M., BHATTACHARYA, B., NHO, Y.C., Park, J.K., Separator grafted with siloxane by electron beam irradiation for lithium secondary batteries, Electrochim. Acta 54 (2009) 4312-4315.
Republic of Korea
Journal Publication
2008
Gwon, S.J., Choi, J.H., Sohn, J.Y., Y Ihm, O.E., Nho, Y.C., Radiation grafting of methyl methacrylate onto polyethylene separators for lithium secondary batteries, Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 266 (2008) 3387-3391.
Japan
Journal Publication
2010
SEKO, N., HOSHINA, H., KASAI, N., UEKI, Y., TAMADA, M., KIRYU,T.,TANAKA, K., TAKAHASHI, M., Novel recovery system of scandium from hot spring water by fibrous graft adsorbent, J. Ion Exchange 21 (2010) 117-122.
Egypt
Journal Publication
2010
AMR EL-HAG ALI, H. KAMAL H. A. ABD EL-REHIM DALIA E. A. HEGAZY, Selective separation of metal ions by Poly (Vinyl Alcohol), 2- grafted Acrylamido-2-Methyl Propane Sulfonic Acid and Acrylic Acid or Acrylamide ter-Polymers prepared by ionizing radiation. Under review: Submitted to Separation and Purification Technology, 2010.