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          Isotope-enabled Models for Improved Estimates of Water Balance in Catchments

          Closed for proposals

          Project Type

          Coordinated Research Project

          Project Code

          F31005

          CRP

          2207

          Approved Date

          7 December 2017

          Status

          Closed

          Start Date

          28 May 2018

          Expected End Date

          30 June 2023

          Completed Date

          7 March 2023

          Participating Countries

          Argentina
          Australia
          Canada
          Chad
          Costa Rica
          Czech Republic
          Ecuador
          Ethiopia
          France
          Germany
          Japan
          Luxembourg
          Viet Nam

          Description

          The use of stable isotope tools to identify the main flow paths and residence times of both surface and ground waters has been expanded to improve the simulated components of the water balance model at several scales: from small catchment areas to larger hydrological basins. The IAEA’s Isotope Hydrology Section has developed, in cooperation with various partners, the IAEA Water Balance Model with Isotopes (IWBMIso), which aims to promote and expand the use of common isotope tracers to obtain more precise estimates of the various water balance components and water fluxes in a range of climatic and hydrological settings. Once the model has been fully tested in different selected catchments and scenarios, which is the main objective of this CRP, it can be routinely incorporated into future technical cooperation projects dealing with isotope hydrology and water resources management.

          Objectives

          To improve capability and expertise among Member States in the use of environmental isotopes to better assess impacts of climate change on water resources availability and sustainability.

          Specific objectives

          Initiate/consolidate monthly or higher-frequency monitoring of stable isotopes in precipitation, rivers, shallow groundwater and wetlands using available laser isotope analysers in Member States.

          Setup and apply isotope-enabled water balance model by using present-day precipitation isotope data in selected catchments.

          Develop/improve scenario analysis of impacts of climate change on water resources availability and sustainability using calibrated and validated isotope-enabled water balance models

          Improve local/regional expertise in the development and application of isotope-enabled water balance models for better water resources management

          Initiate/consolidate monthly or higher-frequency monitoring of stable isotopes in precipitation, rivers, shallow groundwater and wetlands using available laser isotope analysers in Member States.

          Setup and apply isotope-enabled water balance model by using present-day precipitation isotope data in selected catchments.

          Develop/improve scenario analysis of impacts of climate change on water resources availability and sustainability using calibrated and validated isotope-enabled water balance models

          Improve local/regional expertise in the development and application of isotope-enabled water balance models for better water resources management

          Impact

          In this CRP, project participants shared their unique experience on model selection, modelling objectives, data collection and modelling procedure. The IAEA, through the development of the collaboration in water resource management and isotopic application advanced the best practice approach in isotope-enabled modelling to provide a consistent process and improve interpretation and suitability of the isotope-enabled modelling results. The CRP results in the TECDOC where the best practices in isotope-enabled modelling for water resource management cover different steps of modelling such as setting modelling objectives, identifying data sources and collecting data, provision of quality assurance of the data and understanding its limitations, model selection, different calibration approaches, and performance criteria. This in turn will improve model capabilities to forecast impacts of climate and other changes on freshwater availability and sustainability as well as isotope-based assessment and management of water resources in Member States of the IAEA. Isotope-enabled hydrological models can provide the following information for decision makers in water resource management. To continue the isotope-enabled modelling direction, the IAEA will organise the training course for CPs on hydrological and isotope-enabled models (September 2023). Results of CRP will be used in the TC projects. Particularly, isotope-enabled modelling was included in a new design of the regional European TC project, Burundi TC project and considered in other projects.

          Relevance

          The scientific and hydrological results of the CRP clearly demonstrated that the recent developments in data collection, data interpretation, modelling and use of the modelled results. The CRP has advanced data interpretation and modelling to be ready transferred to counterparts involved in both CRPs and TC projects. Water balance modelling often involves the use of model parameters that are difficult to measure or estimate. Using conservative tracers such as stable water isotopes that are used to evaluate different hydrological process simulations significantly improving hydrological model performance. Furthermore, the use of isotopes offers means to restrict optimization and procedures to eliminate implausible model results and parameters combination. The IAEA has been exploring the practice of its Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) and Global Network of Isotopes in Rivers (GNIR) data in different hydrological and climate models for application that can be used to support the water resources management in basins around the globe.

          CRP Publications

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2019

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-019-09363-w

          Description

          Geochemistry of the Lake Chad tributaries under strongly varying hydro-climatic conditions

          Country/Organization

          Chad

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          20189

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-019-09363-w

          Description

          Geochemistry of the Lake Chad tributaries under strongly varying hydro-climatic conditions

          Country/Organization

          Chad

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581821000537

          Description

          Rainfall-discharge relationship and water balance over the past 60 years within the Chari-Logone sub-basins, Lake Chad basin

          Country/Organization

          Chad

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13925

          Description

          Modelling non-stationary water ages in a tropical rainforest: A preliminary spatially distributed assessmen

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002093

          Description

          Development and Verification of a Three-Dimensional Variably Saturated Flow Model for Assessment of Future Global Water Resources

          Country/Organization

          Japan / Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14153.

          Description

          End Member and Bayesian mixing models consistently indicate near-surface flowpath dominance in a pristine humid tropical rainforest

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          conference

          Year

          2021

          Description

          Effects of snowmelt on the runoff dynamics in two catchments with different forest stands

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091698

          Description

          Potential of Mid-tropospheric Water Vapor Isotopes to Improve Large-Scale Circulation and Weather Predictability

          Country/Organization

          Japan / Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581821000537

          Description

          Rainfall-discharge relationship and water balance over the past 60 years within the Chari-Logone sub-basins, Lake Chad basin

          Country/Organization

          Chad

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13841

          Description

          Headwaters drive streamflow and lowland tracer export in a large-scale humid tropical catchment

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          conference

          Year

          2021

          Description

          Effects of snowmelt on the runoff dynamics in two catchments with different forest stands

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Description

          With Isotope Tracers Using a Spatially Distributed Model: A Comparison of Methods.

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340921000093

          Description

          Surveys of 18O and 2H in streamflow across Canada: a national resource for tracing water sources, water balance and predictive modelling.

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2018

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13280

          Description

          Isotopic response of runoff to forest disturbance in small mountain catchments

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Description

          On the value of isotope-enabled hydrological model calibration

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169421004844

          Description

          Effects of snowmelt on the dynamics and composition of runoff in catchments with mature and young forests

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169420302948

          Description

          Small-scale chemical and isotopic variability of hydrological pathways in a mountain lake catchment

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169420302948

          Description

          Small-scale chemical and isotopic variability of hydrological pathways in a mountain lake catchment

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2020.1751847

          Description

          On the value of isotope-enabled hydrological model calibration

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169421004844

          Description

          Effects of snowmelt on the dynamics and composition of runoff in catchments with mature and young forests

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14153.

          Description

          End Member and Bayesian mixing models consistently indicate near-surface flowpath dominance in a pristine humid tropical rainforest

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2020.100754

          Description

          8O and 2H in streamflow across Canada

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2297

          Description

          A preliminary isotope-based evapotranspiration partitioning approach for tropical Costa Rica

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2018

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13280

          Description

          Isotopic response of runoff to forest disturbance in small mountain catchments

          Country/Organization

          Czech Republic

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027447

          Description

          With Isotope Tracers Using a Spatially Distributed Model: A Comparison of Methods.

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13925

          Description

          Modelling non-stationary water ages in a tropical rainforest: A preliminary spatially distributed assessmen

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2297

          Description

          A preliminary isotope-based evapotranspiration partitioning approach for tropical Costa Rica

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Description

          8O and 2H in streamflow across Canada

          Country/Organization

          Canada

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2021

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2020.116

          Description

          Aleutian Low variability for the last 7500 years and its relation to the Westerly Jet

          Country/Organization

          Japan / Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

          Type

          scientific paper

          Publication URL

          https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13841

          Description

          Headwaters drive streamflow and lowland tracer export in a large-scale humid tropical catchment

          Country/Organization

          Costa Rica

          Type

          scientific paper

          Year

          2020

          Publication URL

          https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340921000093

          Description

          Surveys of 18O and 2H in streamflow across Canada: a national resource for tracing water sources, water balance and predictive modelling.

          Country/Organization

          Canada

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